Skip to main content

Concept of environment. Environmental Thought. Early environmental thinking. Environmentalism.

Geographical Explanation of Concepts:

1. Environment in Geography:
   - Geographical Scope: In geography, the environment refers to the physical, biological, and cultural features of a specific area. This includes natural elements like landforms, climate, vegetation, and human-made features such as urban areas and infrastructure.
   - Spatial Analysis: Geographers study how these environmental components interact, shaping the landscape and influencing human activities. Spatial patterns, distribution, and environmental changes are key considerations.

2. Environmental Thought in Geography:
   - Geographical Perspective: Environmental thought in geography involves examining how human societies perceive and interact with their surroundings. Geographers explore the spatial dimensions of environmental attitudes and beliefs.
   - Spatial Variation: Different regions may exhibit varying environmental thoughts influenced by factors like local ecosystems, historical experiences, and economic activities.

3. Early Environmental Thinking in Geography:
   - Geographical Context: Early environmental thinking in geography emerged as a response to observable changes in landscapes due to human activities, especially during the Industrial Revolution.
   - Spatial Impact: Geographers study how human actions altered geographical features and ecosystems, leading to insights into the spatial distribution of environmental degradation and conservation efforts.

4. Environmentalism in Geography:
   - Geographical Dynamics: Environmentalism in geography is a spatially diverse movement advocating for sustainable practices, conservation, and protection of natural resources.
   - Spatial Interventions: Geographers analyze how environmentalism manifests in different regions, influencing policies, land use planning, and community initiatives to address geographical challenges such as pollution, deforestation, and climate change.

In geography, these concepts are integral to understanding the dynamic relationships between humans and their environments, offering insights into spatial patterns, variations, and interventions for sustainable geographical development.




Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Atmospheric Window

The atmospheric window in remote sensing refers to specific wavelength ranges within the electromagnetic spectrum that can pass through the Earth's atmosphere relatively unimpeded. These windows are crucial for remote sensing applications because they allow us to observe the Earth's surface and atmosphere without significant interference from the atmosphere's constituents. Key facts and concepts about atmospheric windows: Visible and Near-Infrared (VNIR) window: This window encompasses wavelengths from approximately 0. 4 to 1. 0 micrometers. It is ideal for observing vegetation, water bodies, and land cover types. Shortwave Infrared (SWIR) window: This window covers wavelengths from approximately 1. 0 to 3. 0 micrometers. It is particularly useful for detecting minerals, water content, and vegetation health. Mid-Infrared (MIR) window: This window spans wavelengths from approximately 3. 0 to 8. 0 micrometers. It is valuable for identifying various materials, incl...

Energy Interaction with Atmosphere and Earth Surface

In Remote Sensing , satellites record electromagnetic radiation (EMR) that is reflected or emitted from the Earth. Before reaching the sensor, radiation interacts with: The Atmosphere The Earth's Surface These interactions control how satellite images look and how we interpret them. I. Interaction of EMR with the Atmosphere When solar radiation travels from the Sun to the Earth, four main processes occur: 1. Absorption Definition: Absorption occurs when atmospheric gases absorb radiation at specific wavelengths and convert it into heat. Main absorbing gases: Ozone (O₃) → absorbs Ultraviolet (UV) Carbon dioxide (CO₂) → absorbs Thermal Infrared Water vapour (H₂O) → absorbs Infrared Concept: Atmospheric Windows These are wavelength regions where absorption is very low, allowing radiation to pass through the atmosphere. Remote sensing depends on these windows. For example, satellites like Landsat 8 use visible, near-infrared, and thermal bands located in atmospheric windows. 2. Trans...

Scattering

Scattering 

Platforms in Remote Sensing

In remote sensing, a platform is the physical structure or vehicle that carries a sensor (camera, scanner, radar, etc.) to observe and collect information about the Earth's surface. Platforms are classified mainly by their altitude and mobility : Ground-Based Platforms Definition : Sensors mounted on the Earth's surface or very close to it. Examples : Tripods, towers, ground vehicles, handheld instruments. Applications : Calibration and validation of satellite data Detailed local studies (e.g., soil properties, vegetation health, air quality) Strength : High spatial detail but limited coverage. Airborne Platforms Definition : Sensors carried by aircraft, balloons, or drones (UAVs). Altitude : A few hundred meters to ~20 km. Examples : Airplanes with multispectral scanners UAVs with high-resolution cameras or LiDAR High-altitude balloons (stratospheric platforms) Applications : Local-to-regional mapping ...

History of GIS

1. 1832 - Early Spatial Analysis in Epidemiology:    - Charles Picquet creates a map in Paris detailing cholera deaths per 1,000 inhabitants.    - Utilizes halftone color gradients for visual representation. 2. 1854 - John Snow's Cholera Outbreak Analysis:    - Epidemiologist John Snow identifies cholera outbreak source in London using spatial analysis.    - Maps casualties' residences and nearby water sources to pinpoint the outbreak's origin. 3. Early 20th Century - Photozincography and Layered Mapping:    - Photozincography development allows maps to be split into layers for vegetation, water, etc.    - Introduction of layers, later a key feature in GIS, for separate printing plates. 4. Mid-20th Century - Computer Facilitation of Cartography:    - Waldo Tobler's 1959 publication details using computers for cartography.    - Computer hardware development, driven by nuclear weapon research, leads to broader mapping applications by early 1960s. 5. 1960 - Canada Geograph...