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River Disputes. India and Neighbouring Countries

1. Indus River Dispute:

   - Issue: Disputes between India and Pakistan over the sharing of the Indus River waters.

   - Reason: Historical conflicts and the Indus Water Treaty's limitations have led to disagreements on water distribution.


2. Ganges-Brahmaputra River Basin:

   - Issue: Water-sharing disputes between India and Bangladesh.

   - Reason: Varied monsoon patterns and increasing demand for water resources contribute to conflicts over the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers.


3. Teesta River Dispute:

   - Issue: Contentious water-sharing agreement between India and Bangladesh.

   - Reason: Divergent interests and the absence of a comprehensive water-sharing treaty lead to disagreements, impacting both countries.


4. Yamuna River Pollution:

   - Issue: High pollution levels in the Yamuna River affecting both India and downstream Pakistan.

   - Reason: Urbanization, industrial discharge, and inadequate waste management contribute to water pollution.


5. Bhagirathi-Hooghly River System:

   - Issue: Changes in river flow affecting India and Bangladesh.

   - Reason: Dams and diversions alter the natural flow, impacting agriculture and ecosystems downstream.


6. Brahmaputra River and China:

   - Issue: Concerns over China's dam-building activities on the Brahmaputra River.

   - Reason: China's construction of dams upstream raises apprehensions about water flow control and its potential impact on downstream countries, including India and Bangladesh.


Origin Details:

- Indus River:

  - Originates in Tibet and flows through India and Pakistan.

  

- Ganges River:

  - Originates in the Gangotri Glacier in the Indian state of Uttarakhand.


- Brahmaputra River:

  - Originates in Tibet, where it is known as the Yarlung Tsangpo, and flows through China before entering India and Bangladesh.


- Teesta River:

  - Originates in Sikkim, India, and flows through the Indian states of West Bengal and Assam before entering Bangladesh.


- Yamuna River:

  - Originates from the Yamunotri Glacier in the Himalayas and flows through several northern Indian states.


- Bhagirathi-Hooghly River:

  - Originates at the Gangotri Glacier and is a major distributary of the Ganges River.

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