Application of Remote Sensing. Vegetation Mapping

Mapping and monitoring of vegetation cover and changes: Remote sensing can be used to map and monitor vegetation cover, including forests, grasslands, and croplands, and to detect changes in vegetation over time.

Identification of different types of vegetation: Remote sensing can be used to classify different types of vegetation, such as deciduous, coniferous, and mixed forests, and to differentiate between different types of crops.

Measurement of vegetation productivity and health: Remote sensing can be used to measure the productivity and health of vegetation, by generating vegetation indices such as NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and LAI (Leaf Area Index)

Assessment of water resources and watersheds: Remote sensing can be used to assess the health and distribution of vegetation in relation to water resources and watersheds, which can help in managing irrigation systems, water supply and flood control.

Forest inventory and management: Remote sensing can be used to estimate forest biomass, volume, and species composition, which can help in managing forest resources and planning for sustainable forest management

Detection of invasive species: Remote sensing can be used to detect and map invasive plant species, which can help in managing and controlling the spread of these species in natural ecosystems.

Identification of potential restoration sites: Remote sensing can be used to identify areas where vegetation restoration is needed and to assess the success of restoration efforts.

Identification of land use and land cover changes: Remote sensing can be used to identify and map land use and land cover changes, including urbanization, deforestation, and agriculture expansion, which can help in managing and conserving natural resources.

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Geography of Landslides. Mitigation and Resilience.

A landslide is a geological event in which a mass of rock, earth, or debris moves down a slope under the force of gravity. Landslides can range in size from small to large and can be triggered by natural events such as heavy rainfall, earthquakes, or volcanic activity, or by human activities such as construction or mining. The geography of landslides is affected by a variety of factors that can increase the likelihood of landslides occurring in a particular area. These factors include slope angle and steepness, the type of soil and rock present, the climate and weather patterns of the region, the presence or absence of vegetation, and human activities such as construction, mining, and deforestation. Areas with steep slopes are more prone to landslides because gravity has a stronger effect on loose soil and rock, making it more likely to move downhill. Similarly, areas with loose, sandy soil or weak, fractured rock are more prone to landslides because they are less stable and more easil...

Geography of Flood. Types. Charector.

The geography of floods refers to the characteristics and patterns of floods in different geographic regions. Floods can occur in various landscapes, such as mountains, plains, coastal areas, and urban environments. The geography of a region plays a significant role in determining the frequency, magnitude, and impacts of floods. Some of the factors that influence the geography of floods include: Topography: The shape and elevation of the land can affect the flow and accumulation of water during a flood. For example, flat terrain can lead to slow-moving and widespread flooding, while steep slopes can result in flash floods and landslides. Climate: Regions with high rainfall or snowmelt can experience more frequent and intense floods, while dry regions may experience flash floods due to sudden, heavy rainfall. Hydrology: The characteristics of a river basin, such as its size, shape, and water flow, can influence the severity of a flood. For example, large river basins with extensive floo...

Flood prone regions India

Floods are natural disasters characterized by the overflow of water onto normally dry land. Various factors contribute to floods, including intense rainfall, rapid snowmelt, storm surges from coastal storms, and the failure of dams or levees. The geographical explanation involves understanding the key components of flood-prone regions: 1. Proximity to Water Bodies: Flood-prone regions are often situated near rivers, lakes, or coastal areas. These locations are more susceptible to flooding as they are in close proximity to large water sources that can overflow during heavy precipitation or storms. 2. Topography: Low-lying areas with gentle slopes are prone to flooding. Water naturally flows to lower elevations, and flat terrains allow water to accumulate easily. Valleys and floodplains are common flood-prone areas due to their topographical characteristics. 3. Rainfall Patterns: Regions with high and concentrated rainfall are more likely to experience flooding. Intense and prol...

Landslides. USGS

Landslides. TYPES OF LANDSLIDES The term "landslide" describes a wide variety of processes that result in the downward and outward movement of slope-forming materials including rock, soil, artificial fill, or a combination of these. The materials may move by falling, toppling, sliding, spreading, or flowing. The animated GIF shows a graphic illustration of different types of landslides, with the commonly accepted terminology describing their features. The various types of landslides can be differentiated by the kinds of material involved and the mode of movement.

Volcano

Large magma chamber Bedrock Conduit (pipe) Base Sill Dike Layers of ash emitted by the volcano Flank Layers of lava emitted by the volcano Throat Parasitic cone Lava flow Vent Crater Ash cloud

Vineesh V, Geography

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