Skip to main content

Geology and Tectonic. Indian Shield


1. Ch (Chattisgarh Basin): Chattisgarh Basin is a geological region in central India known for its sedimentary rock formations. It's important for its mineral resources, including coal and iron ore.

2. CIS (Central Indian Shear Zone): CIS is a tectonic boundary in central India where the Indian Plate interacts with the Eurasian Plate. It's characterized by significant faulting and seismic activity.

3. GR (Godavari Rift): The Godavari Rift is a geological feature associated with the rifting and splitting of the Indian Plate. It's located in the Godavari River basin in southeastern India.

4. M (Madras Block): The Madras Block is a stable continental block in southern India. It's part of the Indian Plate and is not associated with active tectonic processes.

5. Mk (Malanjkhand): Malanjkhand is known for its copper deposits and is one of the largest copper mines in India.

6. MR (Mahanadi Rift): The Mahanadi Rift is a geological feature related to the rifting of the Indian Plate. It's associated with the formation of the Mahanadi River basin in eastern India.

7. N (Nilgiri Block): The Nilgiri Block is a geological region in southern India, known for its ancient rocks and distinct geological history.

8. NS (Narmada-Son Fault Zone): This fault zone extends across central India and marks a significant tectonic boundary where the Indian Plate meets the Eurasian Plate.

9. PC (Palghat-Cauvery Shear Zone): The Palghat-Cauvery Shear Zone is a major geological fault system in southern India, where the Indian Plate interacts with the Eurasian Plate.

10. R (Rengali Province and Kerajang Shear Zone): These are geological regions in eastern India, possibly associated with shear zones and tectonic activity.

11. S (Singhbhum Shear Zone): The Singhbhum Shear Zone is a tectonic feature in eastern India that has played a significant role in the geological history of the region.

12. V (Vindhyan Basin): The Vindhyan Basin is a sedimentary basin in central India known for its extensive rock formations, which hold clues to the Earth's geological past.



1. Shear Zone:
   A shear zone is a geological area where rocks have experienced significant lateral movement in opposite directions. This movement typically occurs along a fault plane, resulting in rocks being displaced horizontally. Shear zones are often associated with intense deformation and can be important for understanding tectonic processes.

2. Block:
   In geology, a block refers to a section of the Earth's crust that is bounded by faults or tectonic boundaries. Blocks can be large or small and are often used to describe distinct regions within a tectonic setting. For example, "crustal blocks" are pieces of the Earth's crust that have different geological characteristics.

3. Fault:
   A fault is a fracture or zone of rock where there has been movement. It's a boundary where rocks on either side have shifted relative to each other. Faults can be caused by tectonic forces, and they are often responsible for earthquakes when they suddenly release accumulated stress.

4. Rift Valley:
   A rift valley is a linear depression or lowland region on the Earth's surface that forms when the Earth's crust is stretched and pulled apart. Rift valleys are often associated with tectonic plate boundaries and are where continents may begin to split apart, eventually forming new ocean basins.

5. Craton:
   A craton is the stable, ancient core of a continent that consists of thick, relatively undeformed layers of the Earth's crust. These regions have been geologically quiet for a long time and are considered the "nuclei" of continents. They are often surrounded by younger geological features.

6. Shield:
   A shield is a large, stable area of exposed Precambrian rock (rock that is more than 600 million years old) on a continent's surface. Shields are typically found within cratons and are characterized by their lack of significant mountain ranges or recent tectonic activity. They often form the central core of continents.

7. Basin:
   A basin is a low-lying, often bowl-shaped, geographical area with defined boundaries that can be either geological or hydrological. Geological basins may contain sedimentary rocks that have accumulated over millions of years and can be associated with depressions in the Earth's crust. Hydrological basins are areas drained by a river system.


Comments

Popular posts from this blog

The global dimensions of disaster

Disasters are not merely natural occurrences but complex interactions between natural hazards and human vulnerabilities. To effectively address disaster risk, we must consider several interconnected dimensions: 1. Vulnerability: Definition: The susceptibility of individuals, communities, or assets to harm from a disaster. Factors: Socioeconomic conditions, geographic location, and environmental factors influence vulnerability. Example: Communities with high poverty rates and limited access to resources are more vulnerable to disaster impacts. 2. Exposure: Definition: The degree to which people, property, and infrastructure are located in hazard-prone areas. Factors: Population density, land use patterns, and infrastructure development influence exposure. Example: Coastal cities with high population density are highly exposed to hurricane and tsunami risks. 3. Capacity: Definition: A community's ability to prepare for, respond to, and recover from disasters. Factors: Strong ...

Overview of Disasters in India

India's Vulnerability to Natural Disasters India's diverse geography and climate make it highly susceptible to a range of natural disasters. These events, including earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, droughts, cyclones, and landslides, can have devastating consequences for millions of people and the economy. Major Natural Disasters Affecting India: Earthquakes: Tectonic Setting: India's position on the Indian Plate, which is colliding with the Eurasian Plate, makes it prone to seismic activity. Impact: Earthquakes can cause widespread destruction, including building collapses, landslides, and tsunamis. The 2001 Gujarat earthquake is a prime example of such devastation. Tsunamis: Oceanic Triggers: Underwater earthquakes and volcanic eruptions can generate tsunamis, as seen in the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami. Impact: Coastal areas are particularly vulnerable to tsunamis, which can lead to massive loss of life and property. Floods: Monsoon Influence: India's...

Water Act 1974

The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1974 is a significant piece of legislation in India aimed at preventing and controlling water pollution. Here are some key facts about the Act: 1. Objective: The primary objective is to prevent and control water pollution and maintain or restore the wholesomeness of water in the country. 2. Establishment of Boards:    - Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB): The Act mandates the establishment of the CPCB to oversee and coordinate activities across the nation and advise the Central Government.    - State Pollution Control Boards (SPCBs): Each state is required to establish its own SPCB to plan comprehensive programs for the prevention and control of pollution. 3. Powers and Functions:    - The Boards have the authority to inspect any sewage or trade effluents, works, and plants for the treatment of sewage and trade effluents.    - They can establish standards for the discharge of pollutants into water bodies and ensure adherence to...

Environment Management DRR

Environmental management plays a crucial role in disaster risk reduction (DRR) by harnessing the power of natural ecosystems to prevent and mitigate the impacts of disasters. By protecting and restoring these ecosystems, we can strengthen community resilience and promote sustainable development. Interconnections Between Environmental Management and DRR: Ecosystem-Based Disaster Risk Reduction (Eco-DRR): Natural Barriers: Ecosystems like forests, wetlands, and coral reefs act as natural barriers, reducing the impact of hazards like floods, landslides, and storm surges. Resilience Building: Healthy ecosystems enhance community resilience by absorbing excess rainfall, preventing erosion, and mitigating the effects of climate change. Environmental Considerations in Disaster Planning: Sustainable Practices: Incorporating environmental considerations into disaster planning helps prevent further environmental degradation, which can exacerbate disaster impacts. Resource Conservati...

Forset management and water conservation

Forest management and water conservation are closely intertwined concepts, as forests play a crucial role in maintaining water resources. Here's an explanation of their connection: 1. Water Regulation: Forests act as natural sponges, absorbing rainwater and releasing it gradually. Trees help regulate water flow, preventing rapid runoff and reducing the risk of floods. 2. Groundwater Recharge: Trees contribute to groundwater recharge by allowing rainwater to percolate into the soil. This replenishes underground aquifers, which are important sources of freshwater. 3. Erosion Control: Forests provide vegetation cover that protects soil from erosion caused by rainfall. This, in turn, helps maintain the quality of water bodies by preventing sedimentation. 4. Streamflow Maintenance: Healthy forests ensure consistent streamflow. Trees release water through transpiration, influencing local and regional precipitation patterns and sustaining rivers and streams. 5. Biodiversity and Water Qual...