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Geology and Tectonic. Indian Shield


1. Ch (Chattisgarh Basin): Chattisgarh Basin is a geological region in central India known for its sedimentary rock formations. It's important for its mineral resources, including coal and iron ore.

2. CIS (Central Indian Shear Zone): CIS is a tectonic boundary in central India where the Indian Plate interacts with the Eurasian Plate. It's characterized by significant faulting and seismic activity.

3. GR (Godavari Rift): The Godavari Rift is a geological feature associated with the rifting and splitting of the Indian Plate. It's located in the Godavari River basin in southeastern India.

4. M (Madras Block): The Madras Block is a stable continental block in southern India. It's part of the Indian Plate and is not associated with active tectonic processes.

5. Mk (Malanjkhand): Malanjkhand is known for its copper deposits and is one of the largest copper mines in India.

6. MR (Mahanadi Rift): The Mahanadi Rift is a geological feature related to the rifting of the Indian Plate. It's associated with the formation of the Mahanadi River basin in eastern India.

7. N (Nilgiri Block): The Nilgiri Block is a geological region in southern India, known for its ancient rocks and distinct geological history.

8. NS (Narmada-Son Fault Zone): This fault zone extends across central India and marks a significant tectonic boundary where the Indian Plate meets the Eurasian Plate.

9. PC (Palghat-Cauvery Shear Zone): The Palghat-Cauvery Shear Zone is a major geological fault system in southern India, where the Indian Plate interacts with the Eurasian Plate.

10. R (Rengali Province and Kerajang Shear Zone): These are geological regions in eastern India, possibly associated with shear zones and tectonic activity.

11. S (Singhbhum Shear Zone): The Singhbhum Shear Zone is a tectonic feature in eastern India that has played a significant role in the geological history of the region.

12. V (Vindhyan Basin): The Vindhyan Basin is a sedimentary basin in central India known for its extensive rock formations, which hold clues to the Earth's geological past.



1. Shear Zone:
   A shear zone is a geological area where rocks have experienced significant lateral movement in opposite directions. This movement typically occurs along a fault plane, resulting in rocks being displaced horizontally. Shear zones are often associated with intense deformation and can be important for understanding tectonic processes.

2. Block:
   In geology, a block refers to a section of the Earth's crust that is bounded by faults or tectonic boundaries. Blocks can be large or small and are often used to describe distinct regions within a tectonic setting. For example, "crustal blocks" are pieces of the Earth's crust that have different geological characteristics.

3. Fault:
   A fault is a fracture or zone of rock where there has been movement. It's a boundary where rocks on either side have shifted relative to each other. Faults can be caused by tectonic forces, and they are often responsible for earthquakes when they suddenly release accumulated stress.

4. Rift Valley:
   A rift valley is a linear depression or lowland region on the Earth's surface that forms when the Earth's crust is stretched and pulled apart. Rift valleys are often associated with tectonic plate boundaries and are where continents may begin to split apart, eventually forming new ocean basins.

5. Craton:
   A craton is the stable, ancient core of a continent that consists of thick, relatively undeformed layers of the Earth's crust. These regions have been geologically quiet for a long time and are considered the "nuclei" of continents. They are often surrounded by younger geological features.

6. Shield:
   A shield is a large, stable area of exposed Precambrian rock (rock that is more than 600 million years old) on a continent's surface. Shields are typically found within cratons and are characterized by their lack of significant mountain ranges or recent tectonic activity. They often form the central core of continents.

7. Basin:
   A basin is a low-lying, often bowl-shaped, geographical area with defined boundaries that can be either geological or hydrological. Geological basins may contain sedimentary rocks that have accumulated over millions of years and can be associated with depressions in the Earth's crust. Hydrological basins are areas drained by a river system.


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