The international M.Sc. program EAGLE Applied Earth Observation and Geoanalysis of the Living Environment Remote Sensing and GIS

The international M.Sc. program EAGLE

Applied Earth Observation and Geoanalysis of the Living Environment

is a M.Sc. program dedicated to applied remote sensing for environmental

research.

EAGLE lectures, seminars, and practicals provide in depth methodological

knowledge and practical skills, and additionally provide a comprehensive

overview of the range of remote sensing applications. The potential of Earth

Observation data analyses for research on and management of forest-,

agro-, or

coastal ecosystems or the urban sphere – to name only a few examples –

will be

illuminated. Please browse through our courses in order to get a good

overview

of content and aims.

Application for the upcoming winter term are accepted until May 15th.

More details on the application process at

http://www.eagle-science.org/apply

EAGLE is an international English language M.Sc. program offered at the

University of Würzburg, Germany. It is focusing on Applied Earth Observation

and Geoanalysis of the environment. The goal of EAGLE is to strengthen the

practical use of applied Earth Observation in research, planning, and

decision

making, and to unlock the full potential of remote sensing data analyses

in your

desired field of application.

http://eagle-science.org

EAGLE students are subsequently encouraged to further develop and deepen

their

knowledge and skills tailored to their personal interests during

internships and

innovation laboratories at international partner institutions of the EAGLE

network

The EAGLE study program is a joint initiative of the Institute of

Geography and

Geology at the University of Würzburg, led by the Department of Remote

Sensing in collaboration with the Earth Observation Center at the German

Aerospace Center (DLR-EOC). The courses are taught in English by a team of

internationally recognized researchers from diverse backgrounds.

The accredited (120 ECTS) University degree is open for students from a

variety

of disciplines such as geography, geology, hydrology, ecology, biology, and

other fields in environmental sciences and studies.

for more details please visit: http://www.eagle-science.org

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To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/Conservation_RS/786343ea-a39b-c886-324c-70e18187dacb%40eagle-science.org.

....

Vineesh V
Assistant Professor of Geography,
Directorate of Education,
Government of Kerala.
https://g.page/vineeshvc

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Photogrammetry – Types of Photographs

In photogrammetry, aerial photographs are categorized based on camera orientation , coverage , and spectral sensitivity . Below is a breakdown of the major types: 1️⃣ Based on Camera Axis Orientation Type Description Key Feature Vertical Photo Taken with the camera axis pointing directly downward (within 3° of vertical). Used for maps and measurements Oblique Photo Taken with the camera axis tilted away from vertical. Covers more area but with distortions Low Oblique: Horizon not visible High Oblique: Horizon visible 2️⃣ Based on Number of Photos Taken Type Description Single Photo One image taken of an area Stereoscopic Pair Two overlapping photos for 3D viewing and depth analysis Strip or Mosaic Series of overlapping photos covering a long area, useful in mapping large regions 3️⃣ Based on Spectral Sensitivity Type Description Application Panchromatic Captures images in black and white General mapping Infrared (IR) Sensitive to infrared radiation Veget...

Photogrammetry – Geometry of a Vertical Photograph

Photogrammetry is the science of making measurements from photographs, especially for mapping and surveying. When the camera axis is perpendicular (vertical) to the ground, the photo is called a vertical photograph , and its geometry is central to accurate mapping. Elements of Vertical Photo Geometry In a vertical aerial photograph , the geometry is governed by the central projection principle. Here's how it works: 1. Principal Point (P) The point on the photo where the optical axis of the camera intersects the photo plane. It's the geometric center of the photo. 2. Nadir Point (N) The point on the ground directly below the camera at the time of exposure. Ideally, in a perfect vertical photo, the nadir and principal point coincide. 3. Photo Center (C) Usually coincides with the principal point in a vertical photo. 4. Ground Coordinates (X, Y, Z) Real-world (map) coordinates of objects photographed. 5. Flying Height (H) He...

Raster Data Structure

Raster Data Raster data is like a digital photo made up of small squares called cells or pixels . Each cell shows something about that spot — like how high it is (elevation), how hot it is (temperature), or what kind of land it is (forest, water, etc.). Think of it like a graph paper where each box is colored to show what's there. Key Points What's in the cell? Each cell stores information — for example, "water" or "forest." Where is the cell? The cell's location comes from its place in the grid (like row 3, column 5). We don't need to store its exact coordinates. How Do We Decide a Cell's Value? Sometimes, one cell covers more than one thing (like part forest and part water). To choose one value , we can: Center Point: Use whatever feature is in the middle. Most Area: Use the feature that takes up the most space in the cell. Most Important: Use the most important feature (like a road or well), even if it...

Photogrammetry

Photogrammetry is the science of taking measurements from photographs —especially to create maps, models, or 3D images of objects, land, or buildings. Imagine you take two pictures of a mountain from slightly different angles. Photogrammetry uses those photos to figure out the shape, size, and position of the mountain—just like our eyes do when we see in 3D! Concepts and Terminologies 1. Photograph A picture captured by a camera , either from the ground (terrestrial) or from above (aerial or drone). 2. Stereo Pair Two overlapping photos taken from different angles. When seen together, they help create a 3D effect —just like how two human eyes work. 3. Overlap To get a 3D model, photos must overlap each other: Forward overlap : Between two photos in a flight line (usually 60–70%) Side overlap : Between adjacent flight lines (usually 30–40%) 4. Scale The ratio of the photo size to real-world size. Example: A 1:10,000 scale photo means 1 cm on the photo...

Logical Data Model in GIS

In GIS, a logical data model defines how data is structured and interrelated—independent of how it is physically stored or implemented. It serves as a blueprint for designing databases, focusing on the organization of entities, their attributes, and relationships, without tying them to a specific database technology. Key Features Abstraction : The logical model operates at an abstract level, emphasizing the conceptual structure of data rather than the technical details of storage or implementation. Entity-Attribute Relationships : It identifies key entities (objects or concepts) and their attributes (properties), as well as the logical relationships between them. Business Rules : Business logic is embedded in the model to enforce rules, constraints, and conditions that ensure data consistency and accuracy. Technology Independence : The logical model is platform-agnostic—it is not tied to any specific database system or storage format. Visual Representat...

Vineesh V, Geography

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