Skip to main content

Water conflicts. States

1. Cauvery River Dispute:

   - Reason: Allocation of Cauvery River water for agricultural irrigation, particularly between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.

   - Origin: Western Ghats in Karnataka. Flows through Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Puducherry.


2. Krishna River Dispute:

   - Reason: Disagreements over the sharing of Krishna River water for irrigation, power generation, and other uses among Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh.

   - Origin: Mahabaleshwar in Maharashtra. Flows through Maharashtra, Karnataka, Telangana, and Andhra Pradesh.


3. Godavari River Dispute:

   - Reason: Contention over the utilization and distribution of Godavari River water for various purposes, including agriculture and industry.

   - Origin: Trimbak in Maharashtra. Flows through Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Telangana, and Andhra Pradesh.


4. Yamuna River Dispute:

   - Reason: Allocation of Yamuna River water for drinking, irrigation, and other needs, with conflicts arising between Haryana, Delhi, and Uttar Pradesh.

   - Origin: Yamunotri in Uttarakhand. Flows through Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Delhi, and Uttar Pradesh.


5. Narmada River Dispute:

   - Reason: Disputes over the construction and utilization of dams on the Narmada River, impacting the water distribution among Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Rajasthan.

   - Origin: Amarkantak in Madhya Pradesh. Flows through Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Rajasthan.


6. Ravi and Beas River Dispute:

   - Reason: Allocation of Ravi and Beas River waters for irrigation, especially between Punjab, Haryana, and Himachal Pradesh.

   - Origin (Ravi): Kailash Range in Tibet. Flows through Himachal Pradesh and Punjab.

   - Origin (Beas): Beas Kund in Himachal Pradesh. Flows through Himachal Pradesh and Punjab.


7. Tungabhadra River Dispute:

   - Reason: Conflicts over the sharing of Tungabhadra River water for agricultural irrigation, particularly between Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.

   - Origin: Western Ghats in Karnataka. Flows through Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.



Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Energy Interaction with Atmosphere and Earth Surface

In Remote Sensing , satellites record electromagnetic radiation (EMR) that is reflected or emitted from the Earth. Before reaching the sensor, radiation interacts with: The Atmosphere The Earth's Surface These interactions control how satellite images look and how we interpret them. I. Interaction of EMR with the Atmosphere When solar radiation travels from the Sun to the Earth, four main processes occur: 1. Absorption Definition: Absorption occurs when atmospheric gases absorb radiation at specific wavelengths and convert it into heat. Main absorbing gases: Ozone (O₃) → absorbs Ultraviolet (UV) Carbon dioxide (CO₂) → absorbs Thermal Infrared Water vapour (H₂O) → absorbs Infrared Concept: Atmospheric Windows These are wavelength regions where absorption is very low, allowing radiation to pass through the atmosphere. Remote sensing depends on these windows. For example, satellites like Landsat 8 use visible, near-infrared, and thermal bands located in atmospheric windows. 2. Trans...

Types of Remote Sensing

Remote Sensing means collecting information about the Earth's surface without touching it , usually using satellites, aircraft, or drones . There are different types of remote sensing based on the energy source and the wavelength region used. 🛰️ 1. Active Remote Sensing 📘 Concept: In active remote sensing , the sensor sends out its own energy (like a signal or pulse) to the Earth's surface. The sensor then records the reflected or backscattered energy that comes back from the surface. ⚙️ Key Terminology: Transmitter: sends energy (like a radar pulse or laser beam). Receiver: detects the energy that bounces back. Backscatter: energy that is reflected back to the sensor. 📊 Examples of Active Sensors: RADAR (Radio Detection and Ranging): Uses microwave signals to detect surface roughness, soil moisture, or ocean waves. LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging): Uses laser light (near-infrared) to measure elevation, vegetation...

Model GIS object attribute entity

These concepts explain different ways of organizing, storing, and representing geographic information in a Geographic Information System (GIS) . They include database design models (ER model), data structure models (Object and Attribute models), and spatio-temporal representations that integrate location, entities, and time . Together, they help GIS manage both spatial data (where things are) and descriptive information (what they are and how they change over time) . 1. Object-Based Model (Object-Oriented Data Model) The Object-Based Model treats geographic features as independent objects that combine spatial geometry and descriptive attributes within a single structure. Core Concept: Each geographic feature (such as a building, road, or river ) is represented as a self-contained object that stores both: Geometry – location and shape (point, line, polygon) Attributes – descriptive properties (name, type, length, capacity) Unlike older georelational models , which stored spatial ...

Platforms in Remote Sensing

In remote sensing, a platform is the physical structure or vehicle that carries a sensor (camera, scanner, radar, etc.) to observe and collect information about the Earth's surface. Platforms are classified mainly by their altitude and mobility : Ground-Based Platforms Definition : Sensors mounted on the Earth's surface or very close to it. Examples : Tripods, towers, ground vehicles, handheld instruments. Applications : Calibration and validation of satellite data Detailed local studies (e.g., soil properties, vegetation health, air quality) Strength : High spatial detail but limited coverage. Airborne Platforms Definition : Sensors carried by aircraft, balloons, or drones (UAVs). Altitude : A few hundred meters to ~20 km. Examples : Airplanes with multispectral scanners UAVs with high-resolution cameras or LiDAR High-altitude balloons (stratospheric platforms) Applications : Local-to-regional mapping ...

Government of Kerala Initiatives for Water Management

Kerala, with its abundant rainfall and network of rivers, faces a dual challenge of water scarcity and excess —seasonal droughts and monsoon floods. The state government has implemented various policies and programs to address these challenges through sustainable water conservation, management, and distribution practices . Below is a detailed breakdown of the major water management initiatives in Kerala. 1. Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) – Kerala Implementation Objective: To provide functional household tap connections (FHTC) to all rural households by 2024. Focuses on source sustainability and community-led water resource management. Key Features: Water Quality Monitoring & Surveillance: Ensures supply of safe drinking water through real-time monitoring. Decentralized Approach: Implementation through gram panchayats and local self-governments (LSGs) . Recharge & Conservation Measures: Rainwater harvesting, groundwater recharge, and watershed development inte...