Triangle of Human Ecology

Melinda S. Meade	1985	Co-developed the Triangle of Human Ecology in Medical Geography.
Robert J. Earickson	1985	Co-developed the model explaining the interaction of Population, Behavior, and Habitat.

The Triangle of Human Ecology explains that health and disease depend on the interaction of Population, Behavior, and Habitat.

1. Population

Refers to the people.
Includes age, sex, genetics, immunity, and population characteristics.
Determines who is more or less vulnerable to disease.

2. Behavior

Refers to human activities and lifestyle.
Includes diet, hygiene, culture, occupation, smoking, exercise, and healthcare use.
Behavior can increase or reduce disease risk.

3. Habitat

Refers to the environment where people live.
Includes climate, housing, water, sanitation, pollution, and socioeconomic conditions.
A healthy habitat supports good health.

Population + Behavior + Habitat = Health Outcome

When these three factors interact, they determine the occurrence, spread, prevention, and control of diseases.

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