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Showing posts from February, 2023

Economic Geography. Agriculture. Terminology. B. Sc. Geography. Notes

Agrarian : People or societies that are farmers therefore promote agricultural interest ext. -Where agrarian people and societies are located is not generally near cities ext. but these types of people are essential to the way that we live and our ability to live in cities.    Agribusiness : Commercial agriculture characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry, usually through ownership by large corporations.             - It influences how things are grown and what people eat   Agricultural Industrialization : The use of machinery in agriculture, like tractors ext.             - Makes it a lot faster for farmers to yield crop   Agricultural landscape : The land that we farm on and what we choose to put were on our fields.             - Effects how much yield one gets from their plants.   Agricultural location model :   Agricultural Origins : Through time nomadic people noticed the growing of plants in a cycle and began to domesticate them and use for t...

Sorting of sediment. Geography of Soil

Sorting describes the distribution of grain size of sediments, either in unconsolidated deposits or in sedimentary rocks. Very poorly sorted indicates that the sediment sizes are mixed (large variance); whereas well sorted indicates that the sediment sizes are similar (low variance) The terms describing sorting in sediments – very poorly sorted, poorly sorted, moderately sorted, well sorted, very well sorted – have technical definitions and semi-quantitatively describe the amount of variance seen in particle sizes.  In the field, sedimentologists use graphical charts to accurately describe the sorting of a sediment using one of these terms. The degree of sorting may also indicate the energy, rate, and/or duration of deposition, as well as the transport process (river, debris flow, wind, glacier, etc.) responsible for laying down the sediment.

GIS. Data Generalization

GIS data contains more spatial information than needed for the scale of the map. Generalization is used in GIS to reduce detail in data. Generalization can be achieved by removing details such as minor roads, county boundaries, or small features like nooks and crannies of a coastline or meanderings of a stream. Generalization results in less spatial accuracy as the details are simplified. Calculations based on generalized data, such as length, perimeter, or area, may have errors. GIS data is often more detailed than necessary for creating maps at a certain scale. Generalization is the process of simplifying the data to make it more suitable for the purpose. For instance, for a small-scale map of the United States, it's not necessary to show every road or coastline in detail. Removing such minor details can be achieved through generalization. Generalization can involve removing minor details, showing only major features, or smoothing out lines. However, this process may lead to less...

Distribution and production of Wheat.

Top wheat producers in 2020 Country Millions of tonnes China 134.2 India 107.6 Russia 85.9 United States 49.7 Canada 35.2 France 30.1 Pakistan 25.2 Ukraine 24.9 Germany 22.2 Turkey 20.5 Wheat is widely cultivated cereal, spread from 57ºN to 47ºS latitude. Hence, wheat is cultivated and harvested throughout the year in one country or other. China, India, Russian federation, USA, France, Canada, Germany, Pakistan, Australia and Turkey are most important wheat growing countries. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE Wheat is the world's number one cereal in area. Cultivation of wheat is as old as civilization. It is the first mentioned crop in Bible. Wheat is eaten in various forms by more than 1000 million people in the world. In India, it is second important staple food crop next to rice. In areas wheat is staple cereal food; it is eaten in the form of 'chapattis'. In areas where rice is the staple cereal food, wheat is eaten in the form ...

Application of Remote Sensing and GIS for Earthquake Mapping: A Case Study of the Tohoku Earthquake, Japan.

Abstract: Earthquakes are a natural hazard that can cause significant damage and loss of life. Mapping earthquakes using remote sensing and GIS is a useful tool for understanding and managing earthquake risk. In this paper, we present a case study of the Tohoku earthquake that occurred in Japan in 2011. We discuss the steps involved in mapping earthquakes using remote sensing and GIS and highlight the critical role that these technologies played in aiding the response and recovery efforts after the earthquake. The paper concludes by emphasizing the importance of mapping earthquakes using remote sensing and GIS for improving emergency response, planning, and policy decisions related to earthquake mitigation and disaster management. Introduction: Earthquakes are one of the most destructive natural hazards, causing significant damage to infrastructure and resulting in loss of life. Mapping earthquakes using remote sensing and GIS is a useful tool for understanding and managing earthquake ...