Future of International laws-Paris conference.

Paris Agreement, which was adopted during the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP 21) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) held in Paris in 2015.

The Paris Agreement is a landmark international treaty that addresses climate change and aims to limit global warming well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels and pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5 degrees Celsius. It represents a collective commitment by nations to combat climate change, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and adapt to its impacts.

Key aspects of the Paris Agreement include:

1. Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs): Countries are required to submit their individual NDCs, which outline their efforts to reduce emissions and adapt to climate change. These contributions are intended to be ambitious and represent a country's efforts to achieve the overall objectives of the agreement.

2. Global Stocktake: The agreement establishes a process for a regular global stocktake to assess collective progress towards achieving the long-term goals of the agreement. This stocktake helps identify gaps and provides an opportunity for countries to enhance their climate actions.

3. Transparency Framework: The Paris Agreement emphasizes the importance of transparency and accountability. It establishes a robust transparency framework, requiring countries to regularly report on their emissions and implementation efforts, thus ensuring transparency and comparability of actions.

4. Adaptation and Loss & Damage: The agreement recognizes the need to strengthen adaptation efforts and support vulnerable countries in coping with the impacts of climate change. It also recognizes the concept of loss and damage associated with the adverse effects of climate change, including the impacts of extreme weather events and slow-onset events.

5. Climate Finance: The agreement calls for financial support from developed countries to assist developing countries in both mitigation and adaptation efforts. It aims to mobilize financial resources to address climate change, with a commitment to providing $100 billion annually by 2020, with a subsequent increase in funding in the future.

The Paris Agreement has garnered significant international support, with the majority of countries ratifying or acceding to it. It represents a collective effort to address climate change and transition toward a low-carbon, climate-resilient future. The agreement has helped shape global action on climate change and has influenced domestic policies and strategies worldwide. However, it is important to note that the effectiveness of the Paris Agreement will ultimately depend on the commitment and implementation of its provisions by the participating countries.

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