Vineesh V, Geography

Weather and climate 

Nbs nature based solutions 

Cyclone 

Soil layer 

River 

Uav classification 

Remote sensing is the science of obtaining information about the Earth's surface without direct contact, using sensors mounted on satellites, aircraft, or drones. It is widely applied in environmental monitoring, agriculture, urban studies, and disaster management due to its synoptic coverage, temporal continuity, and objective data acquisition.  Vegetation, Soil, and Water Studies 1.1 Vegetation Studies Vegetation analysis using remote sensing is based on the spectral reflectance behavior of plants . Healthy vegetation absorbs most of the red light for photosynthesis and reflects strongly in the near-infrared (NIR) region due to internal leaf structure. Key Concepts and Terminologies Spectral Signature : Unique reflectance pattern of vegetation across wavelengths. Chlorophyll Absorption : Strong absorption in blue and red wavelengths. Canopy Reflectance : Combined reflectance of leaves, branches, and background soil. Important Vegetation Indices NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetat...

Vector Geo processing 

Four Types of Resolution 

Layer Earth and Atmosphere 

Interior of the Earth 

Dating the Seafloor

Layers of the Ocean 

Carbon Cycle: Carbon moves between the atmosphere, plants, animals, and the soil. Plants take in carbon dioxide, animals eat plants, and carbon returns to the air through breathing and decay. This cycle helps regulate Earth's temperature! Water Cycle: Water continuously moves through evaporation, condensation, and precipitation. It rises as vapor, forms clouds, and falls back as rain—supplying fresh water to rivers, plants, animals, and us! Nitrogen Cycle: Nitrogen in the air gets converted by bacteria into forms plants can use. Animals get nitrogen by eating plants. When living things die, nitrogen returns to the soil—and the cycle repeats!

Forest  Vegetation

Magnetic field of the Earth 

Map elements